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Gray baby syndrome

Chloramphenicol !


Yes , thats the drug which comes to your mind .. 1st ( Or rather should come , if pharmacology was nice with you :P )  !! When you read these Letters - GRAY BABY SYDROME  



                                             So what is Gray baby sydrome ?!

Gray baby syndrome is a rare but a serious side effect that occurs in newborn infants (especially premature babies) following the intravenous administration of the antimicrobial chloramphenicol .


                                                   How does it happen !?

Two pathophysiologic mechanisms are thought to play a role in the development of gray baby syndrome after exposure to the anti-microbial drug chloramphenicol. This condition is due to a lack of glucoronidation reactions occurring in the baby, thus leading to an accumulation of toxic chloramphenicol metabolites.
  1. The UDP-glucuronyl transferase enzyme system of infants, especially premature infants, is immature and incapable of metabolizing the excessive drug load.
  2. Insufficient renal excretion of the unconjugated drug.
                                                   How do u identify ?!

Toxic levels of chloramphenicol after 2–9 days result in:
  • Vomiting
  • Ashen gray color of the skin
  • Limp body tone
  • Hypotension (low blood pressure)
  • Cyanosis blue discolouration of lips and skin.
  • Hypothermia
  • Cardiovascular collapse

                                                            Treatment !!!
Chloramphenicol therapy is discontinued immediately; exchange transfusion may be required to remove the drug.

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