Gray baby syndrome

Chloramphenicol !

Yes , thats the drug which comes to your mind .. 1st ( Or rather should come , if pharmacology was nice with you :P ) !! When you read these Letters - GRAY BABY SYDROME

So what is Gray baby sydrome ?!

Gray baby syndrome is a rare but a serious side effect that occurs in newborn infants (especially premature babies) following the intravenous administration of the antimicrobial chloramphenicol .

How does it happen !?

Two pathophysiologic mechanisms are thought to play a role in the development of gray baby syndrome after exposure to the anti-microbial drug chloramphenicol. This condition is due to a lack of glucoronidation reactions occurring in the baby, thus leading to an accumulation of toxic chloramphenicol metabolites.

The UDP-glucuronyl transferase enzyme system of infants, especially premature infants, is immature and incapable of metabolizing the excessive drug load.
Insufficient renal excretion of the unconjugated drug.

How do u identify ?!

Toxic levels of chloramphenicol after 2–9 days result in:

Vomiting
Ashen gray color of the skin
Limp body tone
Hypotension (low blood pressure)
Cyanosis blue discolouration of lips and skin.
Hypothermia
Cardiovascular collapse

Treatment !!!
Chloramphenicol therapy is discontinued immediately; exchange transfusion may be required to remove the drug.

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